Food Manufacturing
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Oat okara, the nutritious byproduct of oat milk processing, is rich in protein and dietary fiber. Current practices often discard okara or use it as animal feed. Produced in large quantities, it represents not only a sustainability challenge but also a significant economic opportunity. With potential applications in food fortification and as a cost-effective ingredient in baked goods, snacks, and more, utilizing oat okara can reduce waste and add value to the production chain. Unlocking its potential benefits both the environment and the food industry.
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When processing acidified foods, the hot-fill-hold process involves heating the product to around 180–200 °F, then filling, inverting, and holding for 2–5 minutes to achieve commercial sterility. Higher temperatures will generally correlate with shorter hold times, and lower temperatures will generally correlate with longer hold times.
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Using Hot-Fill-Hold: A Thermal Preservation Process. Processors of acidified foods are required to comply with federal, state, and local regulations (when applicable) for thermal processing to ensure the safety and shelf-stability of their products. The hot-fill-hold (HFH) process is a thermal processing technique used to inactivate pathogens and extend the shelf life of acidified products. Heating before filling allows for commercial sterilization of the product, and then filling the container with the hot product will sterilize the clean container.
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An acidified food is a low-acid food to which acids (such as vinegar, lemon juice, citric acid, etc.) or acid foods (such as fruits or tomatoes) have been added to bring the equilibrium pH of the food to 4.6 or less, with equilibrium water activity greater than 0.85.
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Wild yeast fermentations are an emerging trend in brewing that can provide a unique sensory experience for the consumer compared to beers brewed with commercial yeast strains. Wild yeast allows brewers to put a local story behind their beers by using strains isolated from the nearby environment. While wild yeasts can impart fruity, spicy, or sour flavors in beers without the addition of adjuncts, the beer’s sensory properties, yeast attenuation, and yeast’s alcohol tolerance are unpredictable, and evaluations must be conducted to determine the flavor profiles in beers brewed with wild yeast.
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Additional author: Emma Moore, Department of Food Science & Technology. Satsuma oranges are a fast-growing commodity in Georgia. Satsumas are natural and excellent sources of sugars, organic acids, soluble fibers, vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and essential oils. Because of their nutritional content, satsuma oranges are considered functional foods (foods that provide health benefits and essential nutrition). Novel products may be produced from satsuma oranges and satsuma peels, including food ingredients such as soluble fibers and essential oils that may be appealing to health-conscious consumers interested in including more plant-based ingredients into their diets.
Fresh satsuma oranges have a short shelf-life. This publication describes the nutrients found in satsuma oranges and opportunities to develop high-value food ingredients from satsuma oranges. This information is timely and may help the local citrus industry diversify its current product portfolio. It also describes essential food safety concepts that may improve the overall competitiveness of the Georgia citrus industry.
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Pomegranate is an emerging crop that has been experiencing a significant expansion in Georgia. Pomegranates are excellent sources of sugars, soluble fibers, vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals, including polyphenols with strong antioxidant activity. Because of their nutritional content, pomegranates are considered functional foods (foods that provide health benefits in addition to basic nutrition). Several value-added products may be developed from pomegranate arils and pomegranate peels, including food ingredients with strong antioxidant content, which may be appealing to health-conscious consumers interested in including more plant-based ingredients into their diets. Hence, antioxidant-rich foods such as pomegranates may be used by the U.S. food industry more often as a source of natural ingredients. Not only does consuming pomegranates provide numerous health benefits, but pomegranate derivatives also have the potential to improve the sensory properties and shelf-life of food products. This bulletin describes the main phytochemicals present in pomegranate fruits and provides an overview of the potential value-added products that may be developed from Georgia-grown pomegranates.
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This bulletin provides the scientific basis and food-safety framework for developing a food safety plan for acid/acidified foods. This includes practical food-safety examples for the acidified foods, including foundational support of a recordkeeping system and forms. Learning how to develop a process-flow diagram, developing recordkeeping forms, and applying food-safety principles during acid/acidified-food production will provide a processor with a better understanding of how a systematic approach to food-safety principles should be applied during the production, processing, packaging, storage, and distribution of acid/acidified foods. This publication contains information on how to develop a plan, including FDA requirements for developing a food safety plan, and sample recordkeeping forms to guide an acid/acidified food processor to safely process, package, and distribute acidified foods in commerce.
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The quality of an egg involves both the exterior and interior qualities of the egg. Egg quality includes the cleanliness of the shell, soundness of the shell, thickness of the albumen, and color of the yolk. Good egg quality is critical to maintaining the hatching potential of eggs, as improper handling or storage of eggs will reduce the ability of the eggs to hatch and produce good quality chicks. For table eggs, improper handling and storage of eggs will reduce the grade of the eggs and could pose a potential health hazard.
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